北极争端的症结及中国的北极战略定位 / The Sticking Point of the Arctic Dispute and China's Strategic Positioning

Abstract

李诗隽 

【摘要】 全球气候变暖导致北极冰川融化，这使得北极的价值突显。近年来，沿岸各国乃至圈外国围绕北极海洋主权、海域边界、资源开采、航道控制等海洋权益的地缘政治竞争愈演愈烈，而北极争端的症结则集中体现在能源、航道和地缘政治这三个问题上。面对美国、俄罗斯和加拿大各有侧重的北极战略，中国应以能源安全为战略基点，积极开展与北欧国家的多边合作，以经济合作为主，扩大北极非军事区域范围，从而能够在错综复杂地北极争端中最大限度地谋求国家利益。

Global climate warming results in Arctic sea ice melting which increases the value of the Arctic. In recent years, the competition among Arctic coastal nations and nations outside the Arctic has become increasingly fierce for sovereignty over the Arctic Ocean, sea borders, resource extraction, channel control, and other marine interests. The crux of the Arctic dispute focuses on energy, control of the waterways, and geopolitics. To face up to the United States, Russia and Canada’s Arctic strategies, China should focus on energy security strategy. China should actively carry out multilateral cooperation with the Nordic countries, mainly on economic cooperation, and expand the scope of the demilitarized zone, thus becoming able to maximize the interests of the Chinese state.