Comparison of Low-temperature District Heating Concepts in a Long-Term Energy System Perspective
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
District heating systems are important components in an energy efficient heat supply. With increasing amounts of renewable energy, the foundation for district heating is changing and the approach to its planning will have to change. Reduced temperatures of district heating are proposed as a solution to adapt it to future renewable energy systems. This study compares three alternative concepts for district heating temperature level: Low temperature (55/25 oC), Ultra-low temperature with electric boosting (45/25 oC), and Ultra-low temperature with heat pump boosting (35/20 oC) taking into account the grid losses, production efficiencies and building requirements. The scenarios are modelled and analysed in the analysis tool EnergyPLAN and compared on primary energy supply and socioeconomic costs. The results show that the low temperature solution (55/25 oC) has the lowest costs, reducing the total costs by about 100 M€/year in 2050.
Article Details
Articles published in International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management are following the license Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0)
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License: Attribution - NonCommercial - NoDerivs (by-nc-nd). Further information about Creative Commons
Authors can archive post-print (final draft post-refereering) on personal websites or institutional repositories under these conditions:
- Publishers version cannot be stored elsewhere but on publishers homepage
- Published source must be acknowledged
- Must link to publisher version